Abstract：The Impact of Humanoid Robots on Australian Public LibrariesHumanoid robotsorsocial robotsare an emerging generation of robots that have abilities to perceive their environmentrecognise facesread emotions and communicate with peopleThey have been introduced into Australian public libraries over the past few years but their impact on library practice has remained unknownThis research therefore aims to fill this gapIt explores the influence of these robots on Australian public libraries through the view of librarians and the experience of library clientsTen in-depth individual interviews with librarians in Australian public librarieswho are directly involved in designing and running humanoid robot programmeswere carried outObservations of interaction between library patrons and humanoid robots at five events in five public libraries were also conductedInterview transcripts and field notes were analysed using a thematic analysis approachThe analysis revealed four themes describing the way humanoid robots impact Australian public librariesHumanoid robots are considered as a community buildera teacheran aideand a challengerThis research provides an evidence-based understanding that supports the researchplanning and implementation of humanoid robot initiatives in Australian public libraries in order to enhance the experience of library user communitiesLibrary AutomationHumanoid robots may be used in the library to automate the interaction with usersConsulting ServiceHumanoid robots may be used as assistants to provide information or answer queryThis study focuses onhumanoid robotsorsocial robotswhich have the ability to perceive their environmentidentify facesread emotionsand communicate with peopleResearch and discussed the influence of these robots in the Australian public libraryespecially from the librarys point of view and the experience of library customers